Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee, you likely already know that different kinds of beans have different flavor profiles. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a tangier, tarter flavor profile and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are responsible for 75% of all global production. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety of flavour profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee can be affected by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods employed.

The word 'coffee' actually originates from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became energized after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes, and thrive in cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on ethically sourced arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique specialty coffees that are suitable for various brewing methods. Blending allows for control over the aroma, flavor and body of the coffee and is typically preferred to achieve an even and consistent flavor that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most commonly used variety of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids may cause oxidation during the coffee brewing process and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It can withstand temperatures that are higher and does well in direct sun. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more efficient crop to grow.

While it might seem contradictory Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee Beans Types and you can be sure that there's some robusta in there as well.

The majority of roasters make use of a mix of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and ensure quality coffee beans. To preserve the integrity of flavor you must select the highest rated coffee beans quality beans from a reliable source. This can be achieved by purchasing your beans directly from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped which distinguishes them from other coffee bean varieties. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are added to other types of coffee beans to provide them with a more rich and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for home-growing. You can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it is best to purchase the beans from local producers to guarantee quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile, deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different kind of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but it has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans with an oval shape are grown on large coffee plants that range from 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their distinctive taste is tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for blends in the home. They are also less pronounced in the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta, but still have an unusual depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were regarded as an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. These days, they're mostly grown in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. The coffee beans have the shape of a teardrop and have a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are often utilized to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are well-known for their a sweeter taste. They thrive at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They also have a hint of acidity. When roasted and brewed properly they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most popular coffee around the world. It accounts for about 40% of all coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have woody and earthy overtones.

After you've learned about the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to choose the perfect cup. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor pick an arabica or a blend of arabica beans and robusta beans.

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